Punch or riveter.



PATENTED 00T. 2, 190.

s. s. GASKEY. PUNCH 0R RIVBTER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY Z8` 1903. EENEWED MAR. 3, 1906.

Lvl" I .Lim-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PUNCH on RIVETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Oct. 2, 1906.

Application filed May 28, 1903. Renewed March 3, 1906. Serial No. 304,053.

To a/ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL S. CASKEY, a citizen of the United' States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and use ful Improvement in Punches or Riveters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of a novel construction of a riveter wherein I employ a novel construction and combination of main piston, riveting ram, and toggle mechanism connected therewith, whereby a powerful and efficient device is. roduced and wherein the motive fluid is uti ed to the maximum de gree of efficiency.

It also consists' of the novel construction of a rivetin -ram, main piston, and auxiliary piston rigldly connected to said riveting-ram, said main iston being connected to sald riveting-ram y suitable toggle mechanism.

It also consists of a combination, Awith the construction above described, of a valve mechanism whereby the movement of the auxiliary piston, main piston, and rivetingram are controlled in a simple and eflicient manner.

It further consists of novel features of con- I struction, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth and claimed.

Figure 1 represents a sectional view ofv a riveter embodying my invention, the section being taken'on line z z, Fi 2. Fig. 2 represents a section on line y y, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 representsva sectionon hne :c Fig. 1. Fig. 4

'represents a sectional view of the valve seen m Fig. 3 in reversed position. Fig. 5 represents an outside elevation of the engine por'- tion of the riveter. Fig. 6 represents a side elevation of the main piston in detached position. Y Fig. 7 represents a front elevation of Similar numerals of reference indicate correslponding parts in the figures.

During the movement of the piston left to iight the exhaust takes lplace through the port 8 around the neck 9 of t e valve 2 and through the outlet 10 to the atmosphere. A

portion of the air in the toggle-chamber 6.

passes through the passage 11 in the upper wall of the main cylinder 13 and pressing upon the under face of the auxiliary piston 14 raises the latter from the position seen in full lines to the position seen dotted in Fig. 2.

The piston ,14 has de ending therefrom the rod 15, the lower end o which is connectedto or integral with the riveting-ram 16, which reciprocates in the bushing 17, which is preferably a part of the main cylinder 13, said bushin being supported in the portion 18 of the hoc( 19, whichsupports thelower die 20, the upperdie 21 being carried by the ram 162 The piston 7 is preferably constructed with an extended bearing-surface 22 on its upper portion and has the recess 23 at each slde 28 designates plugs or closures in the sides of the main cylinder for permitting accessto the pins 25.

29 designates a port connected with`V the port 8, whereby air is ladmitted and exausted above the piston 14 simultaneously with the admission and exhaust of air from the right-hand side of the piston 7 through the port 8.'

30 designates an openin in the top portion 22 of the piston 7, throng which the rod 15 is permitted to pass. A

By the use of the auxiliary piston 14 in conjunction with the main piston 7 I am enabled to use a very simple mechanism and produce almost any desired pressure on the ram 16 with a minimum ex enditure of motive iiuid for the full stroke, ihr it is obvious that the area of the auxiliary piston need be only suf| ficiently greater than that of the head of the ram 1 6 to oyercome the friction of the links. It will be a parent that when the struts l26 are in an inc ed position, as is seen dotted in Fig. 2, there will' be a critical angle at whichthe `thrust-. of the main piston 7, through the moving struts 26, will be. more in a horizontal line than in a vertical line, as is desired.k This limits'the travel of the ram unless the auxiliary piston 'carries the lower ends of the-struts above the critical angle on the upward stroke and below the critical an- IOO IIC

gle on the downward stroke. It will be further apparent that by my novel arrangement of auxiliary and main pistons whereby they move atan angle to each other there is never any dead-center, and the apparatus becomes instantly and eiiectively operative in whatever position the pistons may assume.

and gives a uniform pressure on every rivet.

Nol blow is given when using this machine, and therefore no crystallization takes place upon the rivet when being driven.

It will be evident that various changes may be made by those skilled in the art which may come within the scope of my invention, and I do not, therefore, desire to be limited in y every instance to the `exact construction herein shown anddescribed. v Having thus described my invention,what

Y I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1; A-ppnch or vriveter lhaving' a ram'and a plurality of actuating-pistons moving at. an'4 angle to each vother'and operativelyconnected with said ram, the connections between the pistons and ram being constructed and arranged to cause'one of the pistons to increase its eective force during its stroke.

2. A punch or riveter having a ram and a plurality of actuating-pistons each independ-- Y l ently connected with said ram, one of said pistons .being adapted to move toward the;

ne of movement of said ram and the connections between the pistons and ram being con-l structedl and arranged to causeone ofthe pistons to increase its effective force during l plurality 'of vactuating-pistons Y operativelyy connected Withisaid ram-,the line of travel of its stroke.

3.' A punch or riveter having a ram and a one of said pistons being atan angle with Y, Y that Vof said ram, and the ymovement of each of. said pistons Abeing'at an V'angle with the ',other. z Y

4. A punch or riveter having a ram, an actuating-piston inline'with and directly conrnected to said ranrrandva.` second 'actuating- V 'piston moving at an angle with said ram.

5v. In a punch or riveter, aram, a main pis- Y ton moving atan angle Withsaid ramqand connected therewith by a link and an auxiliary piston substantially inline withand directljT connected to'said ram.V v Y Y AIn apnneh or riveter, a ram, av

main piston moving at an angle with-said ram, having link connection therewithand adapted by its relation v to saidra'rn. to increase its effective force its stroke and anauxiliary pisesaaea ton substantially in line with and directly connected to said ram.

7. In a punch or riveter, a ram, a main cylinder set at an angle with said ram, a main piston in said cylinder having link connection with said ram and an auxiliary piston substantially in line with and directly connected to the ram, said main piston having an extended bearing-surface at one side.

8. In a punch or riveter, a ram, a main cylinder set at an angle with said ram, a main piston in said cylinder having link connection with said ram and an auxiliary piston substantially in line with and directly connected to said ram, said main piston having an extended bearing-surface at one side and slotted to pass the rod oi said auxiliary piston.

9. In a punch or riveter, a ram-chamber, a ram, a plurality of cylinders angularly disposed with respect to each other, actuatingpistons in said cylinders, connections independent of each other between said pistons and said ram, ports and assages leading to each end of all of said cy inders and a single valve controlling all of such passages.

10. In a punch or riveter, a ram, a main cylinder set at an angle with said ram, an auxiliary cylinder set substantially in line with said ram, pistons in said cylinders connected With said ram, passages for the admission of air to each side of eachof said pistons and unitary means controlling all said passages.

11. In a .punch or'riveter, a ram, a main cylinder set'at an angle with said ram, an auxiliary cylinder set substantially in line with IOC -saidram, pistons in'said cylinders connectedwith said ram, air admission and exhaust passages connected with each side-of each of said pistons land a single valve controlling all said passages. f l

12. A unch or riveter comprising la yoke, aram-cy inder engaged with one end of said yoke, a ram in said cylinder, a mainactuating-,cylinder setat a right angle with said ramcylinder, a piston in said main cylinder, a link connecting said piston with said ram, an auxiliary actuating-cylinder, substantially in line with said ram-cylindera piston in said auxiliary cylinder and directly connected with said ram and means for the admission of air to said cylinders. v

13. 'A punch or riveter comprising a yoke, a ram-cylinder engaged with one end of said yoke, a ram in said cylinder, a main actuating-cylinder set at a right angle with said vrarn-cylinder,.a piston `in said main cylinder, a link `connecting said piston with said ram, an auxiliary actuating-cylinder substantially in line with said ram-cylinder, a piston said auxiliary cylinder directly connected to said ram and means'for the admission of ail' to f said cylinders, said main cylinder beingso placed in relationzto vsaidrani-cylinder that its piston may move forward so as to bring Said links substantially in line' with said ram.

14. A punch or riveter comprising a yoke, a ram-cylinder engaged with one end of said yoke, a ram in said cylinder, a main actuating-cylinder set at a right angle with said cy inder, a piston in said main cylinder, a link connectingsaid main piston with.` said ram, an auxiliary actuating-cylinder substantially in line With said ram-cylinder, a piston in said auxiliary cylinder directly connected to said ram,.and unitary means for air admission and exhaust connected with each of said actuating-cylinders whereby the pistons are moved simu taneously.

-.15. In a punch or riveter, a ram, an actuating-piston set at an angle with said ram and auxiliary means independently and positively connected with said ram for advancing said ram at the beginning of its stroke.

16. In a punch or riveter, a ram, an actuating-piston set at an angle with said ram, and auxiliary means independently and positively connected to the ram and operative both to advance said ram at the beginning of its stroke and to retract said ram.

17. In a punch or riveter, a ram, an actuating-piston having a line of travel at an angle with that of said ram and having link connection therewith and auxiliary means for moving said ram at or near the critical angle of the lines of travel of said piston and -said ram. Y 18. A fluid-operated mechanism including a cylinder and a piston comprising a cylindric portion, a lateral extension and a lug havingmeans for attaching thereto a connecting portion.

19. A fluid-operated mechanism including a cylinder and a piston comprisin a cylindric portion, a laterally-extendedn bearing portion and a lug adjacent said bearing portion and having means for pivotally attaching thereto a link. i'

20. A fluid-operated mechanism including a cylinder and a piston comprisin a cylindric portion, a laterally-extende bearing portion having a longitudinal slot therein and a lug apertured for the reception of a linkconnecting pin.

21. A fluid-operated mechanism including a plurality of cylinders, a plurality of pistons set at an angle with each other, one of said pistons havin a cylindric portion, a laterally-extended caring portion having a longitifdinal slottherein and lugs adjacent said caring portion, the other of said pistons having a rod adapted to traverse said slot.

22` In a pressure-operated mechanism, a

. plurality of pistons set at an angle with each adjacent sai bearing portion, the other of said pistons having a rod adapted .to traversel said slot, links connected with the lugs on said first-named piston and a moving portion connected to both said rod and said 23. In a pressure-operated mechanism, a chamber, a plurality of cylinders connected with said chamber, actuating-pistons 1n. a plurality of said cylinders, an actuated piston in one of said cylinders and a lateral aperture in said chamber whereby the assemb mg of the parts is facilitated and a removable plug .closing said aperture. A

24. In a pressure-operated mechamsm, a chamber, a plurality of cylinders connected with said chamber, an actuated piston in one of said cylinders, actuating-pistons in a plurality of said cylinders, one of said last-named cylinders being at an angle with another, separate connecting means between each of said actuating-pistons and said `actuatedpiston and a lateral-closure aperturedin said chamber at apoint common tothe l1ne of vtravel of said connectingmeans whereby the assembling of the parts is facilitated.

25. A punch or riveter having a ram and a plurality of actuating means therefor, said actuating means being constructed and arranged to be as to one member thereof'uniformly, and as to the other increasingly effective, during the stroke of the ram.

26. A fluid-operated mechanism including a ram, a plurality of actuating-pistons an connections between said pistons and said ram said connections being constructed and arranged to cause one of said pistons to be uniformly and the other increasingly effective, during the stroke of the ram.

27. A iiuid-o erated mechanism includingV a ram and a p urality of actuating-pistons, connections between the ram and pistons in virtue of which one travels at the same rate as said ram and the other at a relatively increasin rate. I

28. Huid-operated mechanism including a ram, a plurality of actuating-pistons one of which is in line with said ram and connected thereto so as to move at the same rate, the other at an angle with said ram and connected thereto so as to move ata relatively increasing rate.

a SAMUEL S. OASKEY. Witnesses:

JOHN A. WIEDERSHEIM, \E. HAYWARD FAmBANKs.

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